ORANGE
Part 1
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The Principality of
Orange In the
11th and 12th century the city of Orange and its surroundings were ruled by
the descendants of a certain William IV Bertrand. They called themselves
counts of Orange but also princes referring to a direct subordination to the
king of Burgundy respectively the Roman Emperor. The counts of Orange have
clinged to the title of prince even after they had payed homage to the count
of Provence for a part of their territory. In any case, after the
reorganisation of the class of the Imperial Princes in 1180 they have not been princes in the
sense of Imperial Princes. [1] In 1146
the principality was partitioned between the brothers William Adhemar and
Rambaud. The grandson of William Adhemar left his part in 1218 to the Order
of St. John of Jeruzalem which ruled there until 1307. The part
of Rambaud came by marriage in 1173 to the House of Baux. After the death of
William I in 1218 it was partitioned between his sons William II and Raymond
II. After the
death of William III in 1256 the parts were united again. Pending from the
treaty between Raymond II and William III from 1256 are the seals of the uncle and his nephew. In the field is a
bugle horn, the bandoleer enclosing an eight-pointed star. [2] The bugle
horn was on the seals of the successive rulers of Orange, reunited after a
treaty between Charles of Anjou, the successor of the Knights of St. John and
Bertrand IV in 1308. The exact colors
are known from the reign of Raymond IV (1340-’93) when it is depicted in the
armorials of Belklenville and Gelre. The House of
Châlons Raymond
IV was married with Joanne heiresws of Geneve. By marriage in 1388 of their
daughter Mary and John of Chalons the principality and the claim on Geneve
came to the House of Chalons-Arlay in
1393. In the will of John, who succeeded his wife in the title in 1417, it
was decided that the princes of Orange had also to bear the arms of Chalons. [3] On the seal of Louis
(1418-’63) this decision is obeyed. In the field is a shield quarterly of the
arms of Chalons and Orange with the arms of Geneve in the middle. It is
crested with a pair of antlers, which was the crest of Chalons, and is supported
by two lions which returned as supporters of much of the shields of the later
princes of Orange. [4]. On his later equestrian seals however, the
prince is depicted with the arms showing the bugle horn only. [5] The son
of Louis,William succeeded him in 1463. He bore the same arms as his father. His
son John however augmented it by quartering it with the arms of his mother
Catherine a sister of the last duke of Bretagne, Francis II. Becuase John was
a knoght of the order of St. Michael he surrounded his arms with the collar
of this order. Philibert
(1502-’30) the last prince of Orange from the House of Chalons augmented the
arms again. On an escutcheon came the arems of his mother, Philiberte of
Luxemburg: a red lion on a white field. When he was made a knight of the
Fleece in 1516 he surrounded his arms with the collar of this order. [6] The House of
Orange-Nassau After the
death of Philibert his nephew René of Nassau inherited the principality. Traditionally
he adopted the name of Chalons. His arms are quarterly of
Chalons-Orange-Geneve as before and the arms of Bretagne-Luxemburg. He also
added the crests of Nassau and Luxemburg. In the middle are his personal arms
quarterly of Nassau and Vianden. Around the shield is the collar of the Order
of the Fleece. [7] In 1541 René changed the
quarter of Luxemburg into a quarter for Katzenellnbogen: a red crowned lion
on a golden field. In his
will René bequeathed the principality
to William of Nassau, later, at the Revolt in the Netherlands of which he was
the main leader, called ‘The Silent”. After William had come in the
possession of the principality he augmented his own arms with a shield of
Chalons-Orange-Geneve in the middle. The other quarters of the arms of René
he omitted because he was not a descendant of
Philiberte of Bretagne. On the shield are the crests of Orange, Nassau
and Katzenellnbogen and around it is the collar of the Order of the Fleece. [8] Supporters are on his seal of 1562. They are two
griffins. [9] The
successors in the principality, also stadholders and supreme commanders of
the Republic of the United Netherlands augmented the arms with several other
quarters arranged in different ways. [10] |
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The Titulary Princes of Orange After the
death of William III, king and stadholder in 1701, a dispute arose between
the claimants of his heritage. [11] The princ
eof Conti, already granted the possession of the principality by king Louis
XIV, founded his claims on his relation with the house of Chalons. He ceded
them to Louis XIV who then occupied the principality. About the
title “Prince of Orange” to which the other possessions of William III were
connected. John William Friso and Frederick I of Prussia and their
descendants litigated for thirty years. They were a grand-grand son and a
grandson respectively in the female line of Frederick Henry. In 1713 at the Treaty of Utrecht it was
decided that the principality itself was allotted to the prince of Conti. Title
and arms came to the king of Prussia. By Treaty of Berlin of 16 June 1732 the
possessions were partitioned between king Frederick William I and William IV,
the German possessions being allotted to the first and the Dutch possessions
to the last. Both received teh right to bear title and arms of Orange. Already
in the first larger achievement of the King of Prussia the shield quarterly
of Orange was included. It is on a little shield in the lower part of the
shield. In the arms of Frederick II the arms of Neuchatel are in the fourth
quarter. In later arms the arms of Orange were reduced to the bugle horn
only. In the arms of 1873 it is in the 26th quarter. Not
included in the larger arms of state are the arms of Orange for the title
Prince of Orange of the Prussian king. This consists of the
Chalons-Orange-Geneve arms and its two crests of Chalons and Orange. John
William Friso bore from 1702 his personal arms augmented with the arms of
Orange on a little shield in the middle. The backshield is divided in six
parts of which of the first four are the arms of
Nassau-Katzneellnbogen-Vianden-Dietz of the Nassau-family. In the fifth is a
deer and in the sixth two bushes of reed for Spiegelberg and Liesveld which
were possessions of the Frisian Nassaus since 1631 and 1636. On two other little
shields there are the arms of Meurs and Buren which were also claimed by John
William Friso. The son
of John William Friso, William IV continued the use of the arms of his father
unchanged. After his wedding in 1734 he changed it by omitting the arms
of Spiegelberg, Liesveld, Meurs and
Buren. These somewhat simplified arms were also used by his son and grandson.
It is surrounded by the strap of the Order of the Garter and supported by two
crowned lions. Sometimes the external ornaments are extended by a trophy
which refers to their function as a captain admiral general of the Union. On May 23,
1802, France and Prussia concluded a treaty in which Fulda and some other
areas were promised to William V Prince of Orange as compensation for the
loss of his domains in the Low Countries. He refused at first, but later
accepted the offer in favour for his son Prince William Frederick to become
the ruler of the new formed principality. On October 22, Prussian troops
occupied the Diocese of Fulda to secure the interests of the prince and on 6
December Prince Willem Frederik held his entry in Fulda. The Reichsdeputationshauptschluss on 25
February 1803, legalized the redistribution of the territories. According to
section 12 of this resolution the Diocese of Fulda, Corvey Abbey, Free
Imperial City of Dortmund and Weingarten Abbey were transferred to the rule
of the new Prince
of Nassau-Orange-Fulda. After the
military defeat of Prussia by France, the Prince of Orange subsequently lost
his remaining possessions (including the mediated ones). Fulda was occupied
by the French troops on 27 October 1806. It remained under French rule until
19 May 1810, when it was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt. Subsequently,
Corvey was incorporated into the Kingdom of Westphalia on 7 December 1807 and
Dortmund into the Grand Duchy of Berg on 1 March 1808. After the
defeat of France William Frederick was invited by a dutch triumvirate to
accept the rule of the Netherlands as its sovereign. On 1 december he was
proclaimed as a sovereign which was accpted by him on the next day. Still a
prince of Orange he quartered the arms of the Netherlands with his princely
arms, augmented with the arms of Nassau. When inaugurated as a king of the
Netherlands however, he bore a combination of the arms of Nassau and the arms
of the Netherlands. At the same time his son and successor was made a prince
of Orange, a title which was given to all male successors of the kings of the
Netherland by constitution of 1815. which reads: “The eldest son of the King
or later male descendants, probable successors of the Crown, is the first
subject of the King and bears the title of Prince of Orange.” According to
this law the title was not borne by Wilhelmina, Juliana and Beatrix. The
provision was deleted in the constitution of 17 Februari 1983. For that
reason the present female successor bears the title of Princess of Orange. [12] However,
the successors of the crown, not bearing the title of princess of Orange,
included the bugle horn of Orange in their arms, a tradition which is
continued by the present descendants of the King, including the princess of
Orange. [13] At the
beginning of the 18th cetury the
Principality of Orange itself first became a province of France and during
the First French Republic a part of a newly formed département Vaucluse so that at the end of the 18th century not
only the Princes of Orange had disappeared but also the principality from
which they had been the rulers. |
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The emblem of
the rulers of Orange was a bugle horn, a hunting horn or a cornet. A horn is a
military music instrument used from ancient times in battle to give the
signal for attack and for other tactical signals. Celts, Germans and Gauls had trumpets of different shapes, the trunk
ending in animals’ heads or simply in a flange.
Irish trumpet from Armagh (Ireland), 1st century BC. |
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Bronze age lur
from Scandinavia |
Trumpets with animals’ heads on the Triumphal Arch of Orange |
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The Triumphal Arch of Orange was built
during the reign of Augustus (27 BC - AD 14) on the former via Agrippa to honor
the veterans of the Gallic Wars and Legio II Augusta. It was later
reconstructed by emperor Tiberius to celebrate the victories of Germanicus
over the German tribes in Rhineland. The arch contains an inscription
dedicated to emperor Tiberius in AD 27. The trophies
carved on the arch contain shields, spears and banners but also trumpets with
animals’ heads apparently used by the Gallic troops. In Roman times
a horn was blown by the tubicines
and the cornicines who blew horns
of different shape like these hornblowers on the column of Trajan (98-117).
Publius Vegetius (late 4th century) devotes a short section to the function
of these hornblowers in his Epitoma rei
Militaris : “The music of the legion
consists of trumpets, cornets and buccinae. The trumpet sounds the charge and the retreat. The cornets are used only to
regulate the motions of the colors; the trumpets serve when the soldiers are
ordered out to any work without the colors; but in time of action, the trumpets and cornets sound together. The
classicum, which is a particular sound of the buccina or horn, is
appropriated to the commander-in-chief and is used in the presence of the
general, or at the execution of a
soldier, as a mark of its being done by his authority. The ordinary guards and
outposts are always mounted and relieved by the sound of trumpet, which also
directs the motions of the soldiers on working parties and on field days. The
cornets sound whenever the colors are to be struck or planted. These rules
must be punctually observed in all exercises and reviews so that the soldiers
may be ready to obey them in action without hesitation according to the
general's orders either to charge or halt, to pursue the enemy or to retire. For
reason will convince us that what is necessary to be performed in the heat of
action should constantly be practiced in the leisure of
peace”. [14]
Hornblowers on the column of Trajan In the middle ages another type of horn appeared. This was a horn of
large dimensions often made from an elephants’ tusk and for that reason also
called an oliphant. It was often
hooped with metal to attach a bandeleer. The oliphant was a horn for war and hunt, as the horns before it
served to give signals for rallying the troops and to announce the approach
of the ennemy. The oliphant was an instrument
of commanders or of those who followed them and blew it in war to unite their
troops or to warn them. The watchman of the castle only had a horn to give
signals and the oliphant was the
trumpet of the nobleman, of the lord having the command of warriors. It was a
badge of distinction of command and of dignity which was only borne by the
great in war and it was dishonourable to be robbed of this noble instrument. The value of such horns is illustrated in the Chanson de Roland, a
medieval legend telling the sory of a warrior who clinged until the last to
his sword and horn. Several of such horns are preserved from all over Europe, a famous one
claimed to be the horn of Roland himself (or of William of Gellone) in the
Musée Dupuy in Toulouse.
The horn of
Orange has probably been inspired by the medieval Chansons de Geste about William of Orange, also called Guillaume
Fièrebrace, Guillaume de
Rodès, Guillaume au Court
Nez or Guillaume au Cornet in
french. This romantic William of Orange was based on the historic William of
Gellone (750-814ca) who was made count of Toulouse in 790. He is the hero in the 12th century Chanson de Guillaume au Cort Nès. In it he
earned his nickname when, defending Rome, a part of his nose was cut off in a
fight with the saracen king Corsolt. Whatever his nickname, it apparently was interpreted by his 12th
century namesake William del Cornas (IV of Baux) of Orange as
Guillaume au Cornet which would explain the horn (cornet) in his arms
and on his seal. We may be sure that William IV has taken his romantic
predecessor as an inspiring example, also in the matter of loyalty to his
king which in the end has earned him the vice-royalty of the Kingdom of
Burgundy. Remains the question if the bugle horn is the badge of his supposed
office of hornblower or is referring to his nickname. |
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The House of Adhemar |
1040-1182 |
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Tiburge III |
1173-1182 ¥ Betrand of Baux 1173-1181 |
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After the
death of Bertrand his sons Hugues and William each took different arms, the
arms of Hugues and his successors, counts of Marseille being a
sixteen-pointed star or sun, known from his seal dated 1214. The arms
of William being a bugle horn. |
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Princes and Co-princes from
the House of Baux-Orange [15] |
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William I |
*1173 ca-†1218 1182-1218 (Vice-)King of
Burgundy 1215-1218 |
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The arms
and emblem of William occur on his seal dated 1193.
Equestrian seal: Knight on horseback Arms & Emblem: Bugle horn Legend: X SIGILLVM GVILLELMI DE BAVCIO / AVRASI Date: June 1193 In 1215 when
the Emperor Frederick II sought to make his power effective in the Kingdom of
Burgundy, he granted to William at Metz the whole “Kingdom of Arles and
Vienne”, probably referring to the viceroyalty of the kingdom. [16] He was called an imperial vicar from 8 January 1215 until his death. William was
imprisoned in Avignon in the summer of 1216 and remained there until his
death. in June 1218. His descendants continued to claim the Kingdom of Arles
until 1393. According to
german sources the arms of William as a (vice-)king of Burgundy showed a
golden star on a blue field. See below. After his
death the principality was partitioned in three parts, of which two parts
came to his sons William and Raymond I and the third part to the Order of St.
John of Jerusalem. In this third part Charles II of Anjou succeeded in 1307
and it was united with the other parts in 1308. |
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2nd Generation |
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Sons of William I William II
1215-† before 1239 Bertrand II
1224-? Raymond I
1224-†1282 |
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William II |
1218-1239 King of Burgundy 1218-1239 |
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The arms
of the titulary (vice-)kings of Burgundy after 1218 are documented in about
1240 by Conrad von Mure: 50 Orlens Wilhelmi clipeo qui blavus habetur Aut de lasurio nitet, aurea stella videtur.[17] (William
of Orange bears a golden star in a blue shield shining blue)
Such a
coat of arms is also in a german version of the romance of William of Orange
by Wolfram von Eschenbach, called “Willehalm”. Here, the arms are not the
arms with the cornet of Orange but of the sun or 8-pointed star of Baux. |
William of Orange in Wolfram von Eschenbachs “Willehalm”. [18] |
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An
eight-pointed star is the (biblical) star of Bethlehem and is often
represented in connection with the three magicians or kings of epiphany. In
this case it is the emblem of one of the three kings of the Hohenstaufen
empire consisting of Germany, Italy and Burgundy and in particular of the
vice-king of Burgundy. [19]
The adoration of the kings guided by the Star of
Bethleham “Urkunde de Kölner Dreikönigsbruderschaft”,
1250 ca.. Hannover Kestner Museum.
Inv. Nr. 3986. |
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Seal of William of Baux and the Order of St. John. Obv.: Emblem: Bugle horn. Legend: X S· W· DE BAVCIO PRINCIPIS AVRASICE Rev.: Emblem: Square cross patée. Legend: X S. HOSPITAŁS - I · IOHIS IN AVRASICE
Seal of William II, his brother Raymond I and the
Order of St. John Obv.: Bugle
horn, stringed and tasseled. L.: X S R ET G D BAVCIO PRINCIPII AVRASICE Rev.: Square
cross patée. L.: X S HOSPITAŁS IHNSINAVRASICE Å Banner of the Order of St. John of Jeruzalem at the Battle of Gaza, 1239: Red, a white cross. Legend: vexillŭ hospitalis. (As by Matthew Paris). |
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Raymond I |
1218-1282 King of Burgundy 1254-1257 |
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Seal of
Raymond I, 1253 Seal: Knight on horseback. Rev.: Bugle-horn stringed and tasseled. L.: X S · R · DE BAVCIO PRIN CIPISAVRANCE.
In 1257
Raymond I of Baux explicitely renounced his claims to the kingship of
Burgundy to Charles of Anjou (then count of Provence): “in regno predicto Vienne et Arelates ex donatione collatione seu
concessione olim facta predicto domine Guillelmo quondam patri nostro a
serenissimo domino F. quondam Romanorum rege et Sicilie”. Twenty-four
years later Charles I of Anjou (king of Naples) was invested with the “Regnum Viennense quod et Arelatensis
nomine nuncupatur” (Burgundy) by the Roman King Rudolf of Habsburg. This
investment explains the arms Azure, an 8-pointed star Or behind the royal
throne in Monreale Cathedral (Sicily).
Back of the Sicilian Throne, Monreale Cathedral
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Order of St. John of Jeruzalem |
1218-1307 |
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Arms of the Order of St. John (1218-1307) and
Charles II of Anjou (1307-1308). |
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3rd Generation |
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Sons of William II William III 1239-†after 1256 Raymond II
1246-†1279 |
Sons of Raymond I William IV 1246-†before 1281 Bertrand
IV 1257-†1311 |
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William III |
1239-1256 |
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Probably
until the renunciation of his claims on Burgundy the seals of the sons of
Raymond I showed the royal star of Burgundy:
1256 Seal of William III of Baux Emblem: Bugle horn, within the string an 8-pointed
star. Legend: S· W: DE BA(ucio pr)incipis: avrasia. Date: 01.07.1256. (Arch. N. de Paris D.936) |
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Raymond II |
1246-1279 |
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Seal of Raymond II of Baux Emblem: Bugle horn, within the string an 8-pointed
star. Legend: s. r.: de: bavcio: princip(is Aurasi)ce. Date: 01.07.1256. (Arch. N. de Paris D.935). After the
renunciation of the claims on the royal title of Burgundy the eight-pointed
star disappeared from the seals of the House of Baux-Orange. On the seals and
arms of the italian branch of the Baux-family however, the star was
maintained but was placed on a red field. |
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William IV |
1246-1281 |
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Bertrand IV |
1257-1311 |
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By
Bertrand IV the bugle horn was displayed on his shield again, thus creating
the arms of Orange for the second time. Reunion of the parts 1308
Equestrian Seal of Bertrand III, A.R.A. Nass. Domeinr. inv.
n° 1161 Arms: Bugle horn stringed and tasseled. Counter seal: Bugle horn stringed and tasseled Legend: X B’D BAVCIO PRINCIPIS AVRASICE / PRINCEPS
AVRASICE Date: 01.03.1305 |
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4th
Generation |
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Sons of Raymond II Bertrand III 1279-†after 1302 Raymond
1279-† before 1339 |
Son of Bertrand IV Raymond IV 1314-†1340 |
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Bertrand III |
1279-1302 |
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Seal of
Bertrand III Seal: Obv.: Bugle horn, stringed and tasseled. Rev.: Knight on horseback. Arms: Bugle horn stringed and
tasseled. Legend: X
S B’DOMIN BREVIS AVRASICE / PRINCEPS AVRASICE. |
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Raymond |
1279-1339 |
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Seal of Raymond Equestrian seal: Knight on horseback. Arms: Bugle horn stringed and tasseled. L.: X RA DE BAUCIO DEI GRA PNCEPS AVRASICE. Rev.: Bugle horn,
stringed and tasseled.
Equestrian seal: Knight on horseback. Arms: Bugle horn stringed and tasseled. L.: X RA DE BAUCIO DEI GRA PNCIPIS AVR. Rev.: Bugle horn,
stringed and tasseled.
Equestrian seal: Knight on horseback. Arms: Bugle horn stringed and tasseled. L.: X RA DE BAUCIO DEI GRA PNCEPS AVRASICE. Rev.: Bugle horn,
stringed and tasseled. |
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Raymond IV |
1314-1340 |
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Equestrian seal and Counter Seal of Raymond IV Arms: Bugle horn on shield and horse clothes. Counter seal: Bugle horn stringed and tasseled. Date: 01.03.1325. [20] (A.R.A. Nass. Domeinr. inv. n° 1161) |
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5th Generation |
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Son of Bertrand III Raymond III 1300-†1335 |
Son of Raymond IV Raymond V 1339-†1393 |
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Raymond V |
1339-1393 ∞ 1358 Jeanne of Genève |
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1365 ca Arms: Or, a bugle horn Azure stringed Gules. (Gelre fol. 67 v°, n° 738: grave van oringhen. [21]) 1367 Tomb
on the courtyard of Salerno cathedral: Arms: On the tomb are three shields: 1. A bugle
horn, 2. 1|2 a fess within a
bordure compony and a bugle horn; 3. a fess within a bordure compony. Legend: X hic jacet magnificia mulier dna marqvisia de
baucio comitissa mileci et terrenove que obit anno domini mccclxvii mensis
septembris vimo cvi aia requiescat in pace. |
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6th Generation |
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Mary of Baux (daughter of Raymond V) 1380- |
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Mary |
1393-1417 ¥ 1382 John I of
Châlons-Arlay 1393-1418 |
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John I of Chalon
Arlay prescribed
in his will that the arms of Orange should be quartered with the arms of
Châlons. ... Le même avons nous
en la Principauté d'Aurange; de sorte que certuy qui en est Prince, doit
porter le nom et armes de Châlons, sous peine d'en estre privé comme appert
par le testament de Jean de Chalon premier Prince d'Aurange de cette famille
en date du 21. d'Octobre 1417. Item par le testament du Guillaume Prince
d'Aurange, fils de Louis fils de Jean susdit, en date du 15 de Juin 1459. Item par le testament de Jean
fils de Guillaume en date du 6 d'Avril 1502. Item par le testament de
Philbert fils de Jean en date du 3. de May 1520. Laquelle ordonnance fut mise
en execution par René fils de Henry, Comte de Nassau et de Dame Claude de
Châlons lequel laissant le nom et armes de Nassau, a retenu le nom et armes
de Chalon et mourant sans generation le 15. de Juillet 1544 aagé de 26. ans,
avec permission et consentement de feu de tres-heureuse memoire Charles le V.
Empereur par son testament en date du 20. de Juing 1544 institua Guillaume
Comte de Nassau, son cousin germain, Prince d'Auranche, lequel porta ses
armes escartellées de Nassau, Catzen-Ellebogen, Vianden, et Brvnsvic (sic!) à
l'escu escartellé de Châlons et d'Auranche sur tout et surchargé de Genève. [22] |
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Louis the Good |
† 1463 1418-1463 |
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In 1436
Louis bought Orange from the Count of Provence, René of Anjou.
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According
to the will of his father Louis quartered the arms of Orange with the arms of
Chalons but added also the arms of his grandfather Amadeus III on an
escutcheon in nombril point. These arms are documented in about 1440 in the
Bergshammar Vapenboken, fol. 113v°, n° 1620 with the legend: die prinche van oraengen. [23] Arms: ¼: 1&4: Gules a bend Or (Châlons); 2&3: Or a bugle horn Azure stringed Gules (Orange). In nombril point: equipollé Azure and Or (Genève).
Equestrian seal & Counter seal (A.N.P.,
F. 270 & 270bis A.R.A.) Arms: On shield and horse clothes a bugle horn. Legend: ....principis
auraice. Counter seal: Bugle
horn. Legend: bulla
curie auraice. (A.N.P., F 270 bis. A.R.A) . Date:
1447.12.17.
Equestrian seal and counter seal of 1452 as 1447. K.H.A., inv. 20-41. A.R.A. By Louis the
Good an achievement was introduced consisting of the crested arms and
supporters:
1432 Heraldic seal: Arms: ¼ Châlons-Orange, esc.: Genève. Crest: Antlers. Supporters: Two lions. Legend: s. loys. de chalon
prince (d'Oran)ges et s(ire) darlay. Date: 22.06.1432.
(Arch. N. de Paris D.937, Arch. de l'Emp. J. 251 n° 32) |
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Louis of Châlons |
Lord of Chateau-Guyon *1448-†1476 Knight T.d’O. n° 66. Brugge 1468 |
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Son of
preceding and Eléonore
d'Armagnac (1423-‘56).
Armorial of the Order of the Fleece Vienna and Royal Library,
The Hague. Arms: ¼ Châlons and Orange esc. Genève. Crest: Antlers Order: T.d’O.. Legend: Me
Loys de chalon seigr de chasteau gyon.
Coat of arms of Louis of
Chalons, 1476 (Burgunderbeute Kat. nr 61 j -
k.) Louis was
killed at Grandson. |
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William VII |
1463-1475 |
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Arms of William VI in the Armorial of Conrad
Grüneberg about 1480 [24] |
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John II Philip of Baden-Hochberg John II |
1474-1477 1478-1482 1482-1502 |
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Philibert |
† 03.08.1530 1502-1522 Knight T. d’O. n°142, Brussels 1516 |
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Arms: ¼: 1&4: ¼ Châlons-Orange with escutcheon
Genève. 2&3: Bretagne; In nombril point: Argent, a lion Gules, unguled Or
and langued Azure (Luxemburg-St. Pol). Crest: Antlers. Order: T.d’O.. Legend: Meßire
Philebert prince Dorenges. |
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Gaspard de Coligny |
1522 |
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Philibert |
1526-1530 |
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Continued
the use of his arms in his second term. In his
will Philibert made his nephew René, son of his sister and Henry of
Nassau-Breda his heir. |
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René |
*1519-†1544 1530-1544 Knight T. d’O. n° 191 Doornik, 1531*1519 |
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After he
had accepted his inheritance in 1530 René bore:
A modern rendering of the arms of René of Chalons [25] Arms: ¼: 1&4: ¼ Châlons-Orange esc. Genève. 2&3: ¼ Bretagne-St. Pol; in nombril point ¼ Nassau-Vianden: Rood, een witte balk. Crest: A pair of Antlers Or. (Orange) Motto: JE MAINTIENDRAI CHALON
Great seal of René of Châlons dated. 1543.03.14. (R.A. in Gelderland, Oud-archief van Harderwijk,
inv. nr. 1355, reg. nr. 803.) Arms: ¼: 1&4: ¼ Châlons-Orange esc. Genève. 2&3:
¼ Bretagne-St. Pol; in nombril point ¼ Nassau-Vianden: Rood, een witte balk. Crest: I. Antlers (Orange); II. A pair of wings per
fess Gules and Or (Châlons); III. A of wings (Nassau). Legend: s.
renati a cabilone principis auraicae comitis a nassav catzenelnbogen vianden
tonerra et ponthivra dni in breda &c. |
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In 1531
the collar of the Order of the Fleece was added:
Armorial of the Order of the Fleece. Vienna/The
Hague On the version on the right
the motto je restaindray (I
will survive) added. Arms: ¼: 1&4: ¼ Châlons-Orange esc. Genève. 2&3:
¼ Bretagne-St. Pol; in nombril point ¼ Nassau-Vianden: Rood, een witte balk. Crest: I. Antlers (Orange); II. A pair of wings per
fess Gules and Or (Châlons); III. A of wings (Nassau). Order: T.d’O.. Legend: Meße
Rene de chalon prince Dorenges conte de Naßau. In the
time of René a crown was introduced to replace the crests: |
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Arms of René in the ms. Minnedichten addressed to
Anne de Lorraine the crests replaced by a
crown with pearls. [26] |
A modern rendering by Godschalk [27] . |
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William I (VIII) the
Silent |
*1533-†1584 1544-1584 Knight T.d’O. n°
226. Antwerpen, 1556 Stadholder of Holland etc. 1559 |
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© Hubert de
Vries 2014-06-04