GEORGIA
/ SAKARTVELO
საქართველო
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Transcaucasian Federal
Republic |
20.09.1917
- 26.05.1918 |
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After the
February Revolution, the Russian Provisional Government installed the Special
Transcaucasian Committee to govern the
area. In November
1917, following the October Revolution, the first government of an
independent Transcaucasia was created in Tbilisi. A Transcaucasian Committee
and a Transcaucasian Commissariat existed for a couple of months. On 5
December 1917, the Committee endorsed the Armistice of Erzincan signed by the
Ottoman command of the Third Army. This enabled the creation of the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative
Republic, also known as the Transcaucasian
Federation, which existed from April to May 1918, extending
across what are now the modern-day countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and
Georgia. It is not
known what the emblem has been of the Trancaucasian Federal Republic of 1917.
Its flag consisted of three breadths yellow, black and red. Nevertheless
there was a carved emblem on the pulpit of the chamber in which the
proclamation of independece was signed showing a rider armed with a spear
which would later be adopted as the emblem of the Republic of Georgia. This
emblem was also on the on the document of the proclamation of independence of
26 May 1918. Proclamation of the Republic of Georgia, 26 may 1918 |
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26.05.1918 – 11.02.1921 |
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The
emblem of the Republic of Georgia was adopted in September 1918, four months
after the dissolution of the Federation. There are two versions of it which may
have been the smaller and the lartger emblem of state. St. George of the ancient arms of Georgia was replaced
by a rider armed with a spear riding to the sinister jumping over a black
mountain in base. In chief are the sun and the moon and five eight-pointed
stars, the stars representing the five former provinces of Abchazia,
Mingrelia, Imerethia, Karthili and Kakheti. The emblem is surrounded by a
bordure with four curls. A.: Or, a
rider on horseback, his horse rearing to the sinister, armed with a lance; in
chief five eight-pointed stars, a moon and a sun per bordure, in base a mount
Sable. Bordure:
Circular with four curls Argent, voided Vert. By Resolution, 20th of September 1918 [1] |
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Somewhat
later the larger emblem was adopted. In it the bordure is replaced by a
seven-pointed golden star. The
emblem came to be printed on paper money and was on the flag of the armed
forces. Emblem of Georgia as printed on a 1000 ruble note,
1919 Emblem of Georgia as printed on a 500 ruble note,
1919 Arms: A rider on horseback, armed with a lance,
his horse rearing to the sinister, proper; in chief five eight-pointed stars and
a moon Argent, and a sun Or, per bordure, in base a mount Sable. Bordure: A seven-pointed star in georgian ornamental
style. By Resolution, 27th of December. 1918 [2] |
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11.02.1921-12.03.1922 |
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The soviet
republic of 1921 replaced the rider by a landscape of a mountain range
charged with a hammer and sickle, a red five-pointed star radiant in chief
and a garland of ears of wheat and bunches of grape in base. The
seven-pointed star around the arms of the Democratic republic was replaced by
a five-pointed star of Georgian folkloristic design. Arms: Gules, a mountain range
representing the Caucasus proper, charged with a hammer and a sickle in saltire
Or, in chief a five-pointed star also Gules, radiant Argent. Garland: On the dexter ears of wheat and on the
sinister a bunch of grapes and wine-leaves, proper Bordure: A five-pointed star of Georgian design Or. By Constitution, 28th of February 1922, Art.
130 Arms: Gules, a mountain range
representing the Caucasus proper, charged with a hammer and a sickle in
saltire Or, in chief a five-pointed star also Gules, radiant Argent. Garland: On the dexter ears of wheat and on the
sinister a bunch of grapes and wine-leaves, proper. Motto: proletarebo yvelW
qveynixW Seerodio / ПРОЛЕТАРИИ ВСЕХ СТРАН, СОЕДИЯЙТЕСЬ! / PROLETAIRES
DE TOUS LES PAYS UNISSEZ VOUS! (Proletarians of all Nations Unite!) engraved on a bordure Or. Bordure: Decorated with a seven-pointed star in
Georgian ornamental style, Or, Azure and Gules. By
Constitution of 4th of April 1927, Art. 112.[3] |
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Грузинской
С.С.Р. |
05.12.1936-09.04.1991 |
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When the
status of Georgia was upgraded to a full member of the Soviet Union the ancient
emblem of 1922 was confirmed again with the difference that the motto in
french was omitted and the mottoes in georgian and russian were separated by
two golden five-pointed stars. In this form the emblem was used until 1990. Arms.: Gules, a mountainridge
representing the Caucasus proper, charged with a hammer and a sickle in
saltire Or, in chief a five-pointed star also Gules, radiant Argent. Garland: On the dexter ears of wheat and on the
sinister a bunch of grapes and wine-leaves, proper. Motto: Proletarians of all Nations Unite! in
Georgian and Russian in Georgian and cyrillic capitals respectively,
separated by two five-pointed stars Or, engraved on a bordure Argent. Bordure: A seven-pointed star decorated in Georgian ornamental
style, Or, Azure and Gules. By Constitution,
13th of February 1937, Art. 159. [4] Art. 159 reads: Государственный
герб
Грузинцкой
ССР состоит
из круглого
красного
поля, в
верхней части
которого
изображена
цбетящаяся
пятиконечая
звезда с
простирающимиця
по всему
полю лучами. внизу -
снежный
хребет
голубого
цвета; на
правой
стороне -
золотые
колосья и на левой
- золотые лозы с
виноградчыми
гроздьями.
Концы
колосьев и
лоз
переплетены между
собой у
основания
хребта в нижней
части поля.
Большую часть
середины
занимают
изображения
золотого
серпа и
молота,
которые
упираются:
вверху - в
светящуюся
звезду,
внизу - в
вершину хребта,
а по бокам в
колоцья и
лозы. Вокруг
поля
помещена
надпиць на
двуг языках -
грузинско и
русском:
«Пролетарии
всех стран, соедияйтесь!».
Герб
окаймлен
вокруг
узором из
орнаментов
в
грузинском
стиле. |
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09.04.1991-present |
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Even
before the declaration of independence on 9 April 1991 the ancient emblem with
the rider was restored on 14 November 1990 and readopted a week later. Zviad Gamsakhurdia 1st President of Independent
Georgia 14.04.1991- 6.1.1992 Behind the president the first version of the
national emblem being: Arms: Or, a
rider on horseback, armed with a spear, his horse white, his mantle Azure, in
base a mountain and in chief a sun and a moon Or and five seven-pointed stars
Argent. Compartment: A disc
Sable surrounded by a frame Or. A larger
(and later) version shows: Arms: Purpure, a rider on horseback, armed with a
lance, his horse rearing to the sinister, proper; in chief five eight-pointed
stars and a moon Argent, and a sun Or, per bordure, in base a mount Sable. Bordure: The arms are placed within a tierced golden
bordure charged with seven lockets Gules, a cross Or between medals Or. The
bordure is intertwined with a seven-pointed star Or, again surrounded by a
golden circle, all on a purple background. By Resolution 20.09.1990 [5] |
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After a coup-d’état in january 1992, a new symbol
appears on banknotes and currency dated 1993-’94, consisting of a
seven-petalled floral motiv, a so-called Borjgali
within a circular border supported by two griffins. The meaning of the borjgali is explained as follows: Borjgali (ბორჯღალი) (or "Borjgala",
"Borjgalo") is a Georgian symbol of the Sun with seven rotating
wings over a Tree of Life. It is usually depicted within a circle symbolizing
the Universe. The roots of the Tree go into the "past" and its palm-like
branches are for the "future". The Tree itself symbolizes the
continuity between past, present and the future. The Borjgali is usually placed above the tree and symbolizes the Sun,
eternal movement and life. (Wikipedia) Borjgali-achievement
as on paper money Borjgali emblem
as on passports Borjgali emblem as on coins |
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After the adioption of a new constitution on 24
August 1995, the rider on horseback reappeared. A completely new achievement was adopted by law of
1st of October 2004. In this achievement St. George. earlier in
the arms of the kingdom of Georgia but also still in the arms of Russia, has
returned however riding a white horse instead of a black. The achievement has
a strong resemblace with the achievement of state of the Netherlands. Arms: Gules, St. George on horseback, riding to the
dexter, slaying a four-feeted dragon, Argent, nimbused Or. Crown: A Royal crown. Supporters: Two lions Or. Motto: ძალა ერთობაშია (Dzala Ertobashia, Strength is
in Unity) in Mχedruli
script By Law, 01.10.2004 Smaller Arms |
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Great Seal of State Emblem of Georgian Parliament |
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Presidential Standard and Flag, 2004 The four small
crosses are officially described as bolnur-kac'xuri (ბოლნურ-კაცხური) and are a variant of the so-called Bolnisi cross. |
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President Saakashvilli Flag, 2005 |
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Intelligence Service საქართველოს დაზვერვის სამსახური, The Georgian Intelligence
Service is directly subordinated to the President of Georgia. It is
responsible for providing national security intelligence assessment and
conducting counter-intelligence duties abroad. |
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The Ministry
of Internal Affairs of Georgia (საქართველოს შინაგან საქმეთა სამინისტრო) is the state law enforcement agency of
Georgia. It supervises
several services: the Patrol Police, the Counter Intelligence Department, the
Counter Terror Center, the Anti-Corruption Agency, the State Security Agency
(SUS), the Operative-Technical Department, the Legal Division, the Special
Tasks Main Division, the General Inspections Bureau, the Central Criminal
Police Department, the Security Police, the Border Police and the Police Academy. Arms of the Ministry of Internal Affairs Arms: Gules, a lion rampant Or. Supporter: A sword per pale Argent, hilt in chief Or. Garland: Or. Motto: შსს (შინაგან საქმეთა სამინისტრო), in golden lettering on a ribbon Argent. Each service has
its own emblem. Æ See: Ministry of
Internal Affairs |
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Patrol Police |
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2005 |
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Sleeve patch |
Cap badge |
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Security Police |
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2007 |
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2010 |
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Ministry
of Defense |
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Ministry
of Defense, flag 1918-‘21 Emblem
Ministry of Defense, 2004 Emblem Ministry of Defense, 2008 Standard Minister of Defense, 2004 More: Ministry of Defence
(Updated: 06.07.2013) Inspectorate General, 2009 |
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Armed Forces |
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Armed
Forces 1918-1921 Armed Forces 2003 In 2003 the
achievement of the armed forces became: Arms: Gules, the
sling of king David and a sword in saltire Or, and a chief per fess Sable and Argent. Crest: Seven seven-pointed
stars per arch Or. Supporters: 1. A sword
per pale, a pair of wings in chief and two anchors in saltire in base behind
the shield; 2. and two griffins standing on a listel, all Or. In 2006 the chief Sable and Argent was omitted and a royal crown added as
a crest. |
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Joint
Staff |
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General Staff (ancient) Arms: Gules, a
disc Sable charged with a cross patée encircled, surrounded by a garland, Or. Crest: Seven
seven-pointed stars Or Supporters: Two swords
in saltire, a pair of wings in chief and two anchors in base Or. Motto: saqarTvelos
generala klAJDbi (Georgian General Staff) The cross is
the so-called Bolnisi cross
(ბოლნისის ჯვარი bolnisis ǰvari) taken from a 5th-century ornament at
the Bolnisi
Sioni church, which came to be used as a national symbol of Georgia. Joint
staff emblem, 2006 Joint
Staff emblem, 2008 Commander in Chief, 2004 More: Joint Staff
(Updated: 18.03.2013) |
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Army |
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Army Emblem (ancient) Achievement, 2010 Army Command, 2011 More: Land Forces
(Updated: 06.07.2013) |
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Navy |
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Navy Emblem (ancient) Navy Emblem 2008 Navy Command More: Naval forces
(Updated: 07.02.2011) |
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Air Force |
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Air Force Emblem 2007 Air Force Arms 2007 Arms: Gironny
Argent and Azure of eight pieces, a cross Gules and an escutcheon Gules,
charged with the sling of King David and a sword in saltire, crested with a
pair of wings Or. Motto: samnedlo - sahaero malebi Roundel More: Air Force (Updated:
09.10.2013) |
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National Guard |
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National Guard, 1918-1921 National Guard, arms, 2008 More: National Guard
Department (Updated: 18.03.2013) |
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© Hubert de Vries 2014-04-15
[1]
Hesmer, K.-H. Hesmer, K.-H. Flaggen und Wappen der Welt.
Bertelsmann Lexicon-Verlag. 1992, p. 55.
[2] Neubecker, Sowjetheraldik.
In: Osteuropa. 5e Jg., Heft 6. Berlin,
1939, p. 387.
[3] Neubecker, Ottfried: Sowjetheraldik. In: Osteuropa. 5e Jg., Heft 6. Berlin, März 1930, p.
386.
[4] Neubecker, Ottfried: Die Wappen der Sowjetunion und
ihre Teilrepubliken. In: Der Herold, Vierteljahrsschrift für Heraldik,
Genealogie und Verwandte Wissenschaften. 1943 pp. A7-8.
[5] Hesmer, K.-H. op. cit. 1992, p. 55.